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A brushless motor is a type of electric motor without brushes or collectors. The absence of brushes makes it possible to avoid mechanical losses due to friction as well as limitations linked to wear of mechanical parts.
Instead of brushes, brushless motors use electronic control to manage the flow of current in the stator coils. This control can be carried out by means of a microcontroller or an electronic switching circuit. The rotor, for its part, is made up of permanent magnets.
Brushless motors can be divided into three main categories:
Outrunner:
This type of brushless motor has an external rotor that surrounds the stator. It generally offers better torque but lower rotation speed.
Inrunner:
In this case, the rotor is located inside the stator and rotates at higher rotational speeds, but with lower torque.
Slotless:
Here the brushless motor does not have slots into which the coils are inserted. This design allows for a reduction in losses due to induced currents, thereby improving overall efficiency.
How does a brushless motor work?
The basic principle of operation of a brushless motor relies on electronic switching to reverse the electromagnetic field around the rotor. This switching is carried out by the electronic controller according to precise sequencing, either by directly measuring the position of the rotor, or by estimating this position from the current circulating in the different phases of the motor.
The operation of a brushless motor is based on the interaction between two magnetic fields: that created by the stator coils and that coming from the permanent magnets of the rotor. When these fields combine or oppose each other, they generate forces that turn the rotor. The role of the electronic controller is then to coordinate the electrical pulses sent to the stator coils, in order to ensure continuous and regular rotation of the rotor.
Fixed angle control (trapezoidal control): This method consists of successively supplying each phase of the stator in pairs. The current therefore always flows in two phases at the same time, while the third is cut off. This switching method produces a slightly pulsating torque due to the fixed switching angle.
Vector control (field-oriented control): Here, the currents in the stator coils are continuously adjusted to produce a rotating magnetic field that follows the rotor magnets as precisely as possible. This allows for smoother torque and better efficiency.
Brushless motors are used in many applications thanks to their advantages such as the absence of mechanical wear, their energy efficiency and their ability to provide significant torque over a wide speed range. Here are some examples:
Brushless motors are very popular in the electric vehicle sector, because they offer a good compromise between power, efficiency and durability. They enable better vehicle autonomy thanks to their low energy consumption.
Due to their small size, light weight and efficiency, brushless motors are very popular in the field of drones and model making. They are used to operate the propellers of drones or the wheels of remote-controlled cars, for example.
The power tool sector also makes significant use of brushless motors. They make it possible to obtain high-performance, light and compact devices, with a long battery life. Thus, they can be found in drills, circular saws, sanders, etc.
Brushless motors are also present in many industrial applications, such as machine tools, medical equipment and even robots. Their reliability and reduced maintenance make them an interesting choice for these demanding environments.
Ultimately, brushless motors offer many advantages including energy efficiency, durability and performance. This is why they are used in a wide variety of applications, from electric transport to industry.
You want to buy or sell a brushless motor, trust kheeosMarket, the marketplace for reusing industrial equipment.
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A brushless motor is a type of electric motor without brushes or collectors. The absence of brushes makes it possible to avoid mechanical losses due to friction as well as limitations linked to wear of mechanical parts.
Instead of brushes, brushless motors use electronic control to manage the flow of current in the stator coils. This control can be carried out by means of a microcontroller or an electronic switching circuit. The rotor, for its part, is made up of permanent magnets.
Brushless motors can be divided into three main categories:
Outrunner:
This type of brushless motor has an external rotor that surrounds the stator. It generally offers better torque but lower rotation speed.
Inrunner:
In this case, the rotor is located inside the stator and rotates at higher rotational speeds, but with lower torque.
Slotless:
Here the brushless motor does not have slots into which the coils are inserted. This design allows for a reduction in losses due to induced currents, thereby improving overall efficiency.
How does a brushless motor work?
The basic principle of operation of a brushless motor relies on electronic switching to reverse the electromagnetic field around the rotor. This switching is carried out by the electronic controller according to precise sequencing, either by directly measuring the position of the rotor, or by estimating this position from the current circulating in the different phases of the motor.
The operation of a brushless motor is based on the interaction between two magnetic fields: that created by the stator coils and that coming from the permanent magnets of the rotor. When these fields combine or oppose each other, they generate forces that turn the rotor. The role of the electronic controller is then to coordinate the electrical pulses sent to the stator coils, in order to ensure continuous and regular rotation of the rotor.
Fixed angle control (trapezoidal control): This method consists of successively supplying each phase of the stator in pairs. The current therefore always flows in two phases at the same time, while the third is cut off. This switching method produces a slightly pulsating torque due to the fixed switching angle.
Vector control (field-oriented control): Here, the currents in the stator coils are continuously adjusted to produce a rotating magnetic field that follows the rotor magnets as precisely as possible. This allows for smoother torque and better efficiency.
Brushless motors are used in many applications thanks to their advantages such as the absence of mechanical wear, their energy efficiency and their ability to provide significant torque over a wide speed range. Here are some examples:
Brushless motors are very popular in the electric vehicle sector, because they offer a good compromise between power, efficiency and durability. They enable better vehicle autonomy thanks to their low energy consumption.
Due to their small size, light weight and efficiency, brushless motors are very popular in the field of drones and model making. They are used to operate the propellers of drones or the wheels of remote-controlled cars, for example.
The power tool sector also makes significant use of brushless motors. They make it possible to obtain high-performance, light and compact devices, with a long battery life. Thus, they can be found in drills, circular saws, sanders, etc.
Brushless motors are also present in many industrial applications, such as machine tools, medical equipment and even robots. Their reliability and reduced maintenance make them an interesting choice for these demanding environments.
Ultimately, brushless motors offer many advantages including energy efficiency, durability and performance. This is why they are used in a wide variety of applications, from electric transport to industry.
You want to buy or sell a brushless motor, trust kheeosMarket, the marketplace for reusing industrial equipment.
